EU-Russia Sanctions: The EU adopted its 21st sanctions package, freezing assets of 94 Russian banks and major financial institutions and barring them from receiving funds, while also targeting crypto providers and expanding pressure on Russia’s shadow fleet and oil-related firms. US Tariffs Clash: The European Commission said the latest Trump “forced-labor” tariffs keep a 10% rate for the EU under the trade deal, but major partners including Brazil and Australia called the move unjustified and warned of retaliation. Big Tech Antitrust: The EU fined Google about $1bn under the Digital Markets Act, adding to the regulator’s push to curb search and app-store practices and raising the risk of renewed US-EU trade friction. ECB & Euro Cash: The ECB opened a public vote on new euro banknote designs, while markets look ahead to the next ECB decision as inflation and growth signals remain in focus. Germany Economy: Germany’s private sector returned to growth in July, led by manufacturing, though renewed Middle East tensions cloud the outlook. UK Cost Pressure: Britain’s retail sales rose in June on heat and the World Cup, while hospitality faces ongoing debate over business rates and tax relief. Business Expansion: Omio agreed to buy Rail Europe and raised $10m to push European rail travel deeper into Asia. AI Funding: UK humanoid robotics startup Humanoid raised $152m to accelerate commercial deployments across logistics and manufacturing. Energy Rules: New EU electricity and gas market rules aim to cut volatility, strengthen consumer protections, and expand renewable choice.